Girdling, or the removal of a strip of bark around a tree’s outer circumference, is often used to study carbon relations. De Schepper and Steppe adapt an existing tree model describing water and carbon transport in order to evaluate the mechanisms behind girdling responses in 3-year-old oak, Quercus robur. Induced changes in stem growth are mathematically linked to changes in turgor, sugar and altered loading/unloading rates, and close agreement is found between measured and simulated results.
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Plants have evolved the ability to germinate in salty soils multiple times, in a case of convergent evolution
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Fossils of Eocene palm trees near the Arctic Circle reveal a heated past
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Longer cones and a clockwise spiral lead to tighter seed packing in a Jurassic conifer
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