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Ramírez and Hokche evaluated the breeding system, sexual system, dichogamy and herkogamy of herbaceous-shrubby communities from the Gran Sabana Plateau, Venezuela More
The genetic diversity and structure of plant populations are determined by the interaction of gene flow, genetic drift and natural selection. These processes are to some extent dependent on the mating system of plants, which in turn is largely determined by floral morphology and in particular the level of herkogamy (spatial separation between anthers and […] More
In the western United States, Clarkia (Onagraceae) taxa vary in mating system, life history, and photosynthetic physiology. Self-fertilizing taxa bloom earlier in the year and have higher rates of photosynthesis than their most closely related cross-pollinating species. By performing a multi-generational artificial selection experiment, Emms et al. find evidence that these traits evolved independently of […] More
Reductions in herkogamy with flower positions may be expected in environments with either low pollinator abundance or low nutrients. More
Flowers have often been characterised as functionally integrated units, but it has been difficult to demonstrate adaptive floral integration against a background of conserved correlations among floral whorls due to their serial homology. Using an internal control for serial homology, and an experimental design that provides separate estimates of genetic and environmental correlations, Heywood et […] More
Parnassia epunctulata, a herb with generalized pollination, which exhibits sequential stamen movement. More
Under drought stress, cross-pollination early in floral lifespan of Collinsia reduces floral longevity, but excess soil moisture does not extend longevity. More
The spatial separation of stigmas and anthers (herkogamy) functions to reduce self-pollination and avoid interference between pollen dispersal and receipt. Little is known about the evolutionary relationships among the main forms of herkogamy. Kissling and Barrett examine those relationships in Exochaenium, a genus of African herbs, using phylogeny reconstruction. They find that distyly originated once […] More
Establishment of plant populations in novel environments may generate shifts in floral traits and plant mating systems. More
Mertensia fusiformis (Boraginaceae) is a spring-flowering perennial showing pronounced intraspecific variation in style length and stigma–anther separation. Forrest et al. show that population-level variation in flowering time, driven by patchiness in timing of snowmelt, causes different populations to experience different temperature regimes during flowering and functionally distinct suites of pollinators. The interaction between plant and […] More
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